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The Department of Labor (DOL) serves as a federal enforcement agency for health and safety in the workplace. One of its primary responsibilities is to ensure compliance with various labor laws, including those that pertain to health and safety standards set forth to protect workers across different industries. The DOL oversees agencies such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which specifically focuses on the establishment and enforcement of workplace safety regulations.

In the context of the other organizations listed, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) are both involved in developing standards, but they do not have enforcement authority. The Department of Transportation (DOT), while it plays a critical role in transportation safety, does not have the same broad focus on health and safety across all sectors of the workforce as the DOL does. Thus, the DOL is rightly identified as the federal enforcement agency tasked specifically with health and safety regulations.